Are Adnexal Cysts Common? The short answer is yes, they are quite common, especially in women of reproductive age. These fluid-filled sacs that develop near the uterus, on or near the ovaries and fallopian tubes, can be a source of anxiety, but in many cases, they are benign and resolve on their own. Understanding what they are, why they form, and what to expect can help ease any concerns.
Unveiling the Prevalence Are Adnexal Cysts Common?
The term “adnexal cysts” refers to cysts that occur in the adnexa, the area around the uterus containing the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and surrounding ligaments and vessels. Many women will develop at least one adnexal cyst during their lifetime. The high prevalence stems from the cyclical hormonal changes that govern the menstrual cycle and ovarian function. While many cysts are small and asymptomatic, others can grow larger and cause discomfort or even complications.
Several types of adnexal cysts exist, each with its own cause and characteristics. The most common type is a functional cyst, which includes follicular cysts and corpus luteum cysts. These cysts develop as a normal part of the menstrual cycle:
- Follicular cysts: Occur when a follicle fails to rupture and release an egg, continuing to grow into a cyst.
- Corpus luteum cysts: Develop after an egg is released, when the corpus luteum (the structure that produces progesterone) fills with fluid.
Other types of adnexal cysts include:
- Cystadenomas
- Dermoid cysts
- Endometriomas
The likelihood of developing adnexal cysts varies based on age, hormonal status, and other factors. They are most common in women of reproductive age who are still menstruating. After menopause, the occurrence of new functional cysts decreases significantly. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a hormonal disorder, can also increase the risk of developing multiple cysts on the ovaries. The table below provides a simple view of when adnexal cysts are most common:
| Age Group | Prevalence |
|---|---|
| Reproductive Age | High |
| Post-Menopausal | Low |
For more information about Are Adnexal Cysts Common and what to do if you think you might have one, consult medical resources such as the Mayo Clinic or the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.